Improvement of spinning machinery provided with the flyer twisting and winding mechanism

ABSTRACT

The spinning machinery of the present invention is provided with an improved twisting and winding mechanism comprising a bobbin rail provided with means for driving and lifting each spindle so as to make a package upon a bobbin held by each spindle, and a flyer rail rotatably suspending each flyer at each position facing the corresponding spindle head and holding means for driving each flyer at a predetermined constant rotation speed. The flyer rail is rigidly supported by supporting pillars vertically mounted upon the bobbin rail, and the draft mechanism is rigidly mounted upon the flyer rail.

[ Jan. 1,1974

United States Patent [1 1 Nakamura et al.

IMPROVEMENT OF SPINNING 57/67 X 57/l02 X Croxton..................................

Harris Herubel..

Araki et al.

Pfeifer Inventors: Minoru Nakamura, Amagasaki;

Akin Umefuji, hamii both of Japan Primary Examiner-Donald E. Watkins Osaka Kiko Kabushiki Kaisha AttorneyRobert E. Burns et al. Osaka, Japan [73] Assignee:

[22] Filed: Sept. 2, 1971 Appl. No.: 177,410 The spinning machinery of the present invention is provided with an improved twisting and winding [30] Foreign Application priority Data mechanism comprising a bobbin rail provided with Sam 10 1970 Japanmm H means for driving and lifting each spindle so as to 45/79732 make a package upon a bobbin held by each spindle, and a flyer rail rotatably suspending each flyer at each position facing the corresponding spindle head and holding means for driving each flyer at a predetermined constant rotation speed. The flyer rail is rigidly supported by supporting pillars vertically mounted upon the bobbin rail, and the draft mechanism is rigidly mounted upon the flyer rail.

[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3.681.905 8/1972 Furtmeier et 57/34 TT 9 Claims, 7 Drawing Figures PATENTEUJAN 11974 v sum REF 6 PAHENIEDJAH 1 I974- SHEET 5 OF 6 IMPROVEMENT OF SPINNING MACHINERY PROVIDED WITH THE FLYER TWISTING AND WINDING 'MECHANISM This invention relates to an improved spinning machine more particularly, a spinning machine provided with an improved flyer twisting and winding mechanism with greater ease in doffing and donning operations, and which is also capable of running at higher speeds, and furthermore, which can accommodate a larger diameter package.

The conventional spinning machine with flyer is composed of: a plurality of flyers mounted on a plurality of spindles, which are arranged in a pair of parallel rows; a bobbin rail movable upward and downward, so as to wind a roving onto a bobbin; a roller beam, on which a drafting roller assembly is mounted, arranged above and behind the top of the flyers; a plurality of walls or supports, which support said roller beam, are arranged withinthe area in back of said pair of parallel rows of flyers, and; a creel for feeding slivers from the sliver cams or similar package. In addition to this, almost all these conventional type spinning machines with flyer are provided with a twisting and winding drive mechanism which is arranged within the area in back of said pair of parallel rows of flyers and underneath said roller beam. When a bobbin is filled, the doffing of this full bobbin and the donning of an empty bobbin must be carried out by a spinner from the front alley which is situated on the side opposite the creel. This doffing and donning is done manually by dismounting the flyer from the spindle, and then lifting the full bobbin off of the spindle. The drawback to such a doffing and donning operation resides in the dismounting of the flyer from the spindle. i

To eliminate this drawback, another improved spinning machine with flyer has been developed. This spinning machine includes a plurality of flyers of the closed leg type, i.e., the bottom and the top of both legs are connected to the bottom flange and the top flange respectively, said top and bottom flanges are mounted on the flyer rail and bobbin rail respectively. Furthermore, movement of the bobbin rail upward and downward is dispensed with, and a new type of telescopic spindle is provided. A twisting and winding drive mechanism is arranged within the gearing end frame which is situated at the end area of a pair of parallel rows of flyers and spindles. However, the arrangement of roller beam, supports and creel remain unchanged. When a bobbin is filled, the doffing and donning operation must be carried out from the front alley by a spinner. In this case, there is a big drawback in removing a back row full bobbin from the area defined by the back row flyer, as the full bobbin must be passed through the space between the legs without taking off the flyer from its working position. This can be done only when the flyer is resting at an angular disposition of about 45 from the row of spindle. This means that the position of the legs of the flyers when stopped must be restricted to a few angles.

The principal object of the present invention is to provide a spinning machine having none of the above mentioned drawbacks of the doffing and donning operation, by providing a front alley and a back alley along the row of spindles, and making a similar arrangement of pillars, flyers and spindles on both sides of the frame, so that the doffing and donning operation from either 2 the front or back alleys can be accomplished with the same ease as in the case of a single row of flyers and spindles.

It is presently the trend to run the flyer at higher speeds. This also can present several drawbacks. One of these drawbacks is an increase in the vibration of the frame, due to the inherent dynamically unbalanced flyer construction. To minimize this vibration the flyers of the front row can be arranged so as to be angularly displaced by from the flyers of the back row. Obviously such arrangement presents additional problems and drawbacks, i.e., after a full bobbin of the front row is doffed then a spinner must start the frame to turn the flyer a half rotation, and then stop the frame so that the back row may be doffed. This operation is very troublesome.

Because the flyers of the spinning machine of the present invention are arranged so that the front and back rows are angularly displaced 180 from each other to minimize vibration, the above drawbacks in the doffing and donning operation are eliminated. That is, with the present invention, exactly the same relationships exists between the pressures and each spinner standing in the front or back alley and, therefore, rotation of the flyer is unnecessary. This condition is optimum for the doffing and donning operation of the spinning frame.

There is a definite drawback residing in the conventional spinning machine, and also in the abovementioned improved spinning machine, provided with walls or supports of complicated configuration. This drawback is that flies of fiber tuft, separated from spinning materials such as rovings and carried in the eddy current created by the high speed rotation of driving parts such as flyers, tend to catch in parts of the walls or supports or to fly in the eddy current passing through the twisting and winding mechanism. Consequently, there is a certain possibility of these flies being caught by the spinning materials. This drawback increases when a twisting and winding drive apparatus is arranged at the side of the flyer row, as can be seen in the conventional spinning machine, because much more fly accumulation on the upper surface of said apparatus will take place. Therefore, it is impossible to prevent the breakage of the spinning material caused by the flies during the spinning operation and the production of yarn having slubs can not be eliminated. These drawbacks are aggravated by the speeding up of the spinning machines and the application of large package systems.

To eliminate such drawbacks, the spinning machine of the present invention provides a pillar with a round, smooth surface, instead of said walls or supports. Furthermore, the twisting and winding drive apparatus are arranged within the gearing end, which is arranged at the end of flyer rows, so there is no chance of accumulation of flies on these apparatus. In the present case, such flies will be conveyed to the floor which is outside the frame. As operation of flies tends to increase with high speed running and large package systems, the spinning machine of the present invention is very suitable for higher speed running and larger packages.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a machine which is more suitable for large packages. In the conventional spinning machine and the improved spinning machine, the driving mechanism for the flyer is generally provided with a direct gear train. ln contrast to this, the driving mechanism of the present invention is a belt driving arrangement. This means that there is no limitation on the distance between the front and back rows of flyers in the present invention. However, when a gear train is used, as in the above types of spinning machines, the distance between the front and back rows of flyers must in general be shorter than the distance between adjacent flyers. This means that the arrangement of the belt drive of the present invention is more suitable for a larger package.

An additional characteristic feature of the spinning machine of the present invention is the provision of a draft mechanism positioned at a particular symmetrical position and mounted on the flyer rail directly. In the conventional spinning machine, and also the improved spinning machine, the draft mechanism is mounted on the main frame behind the flyer. The distance between the nip point of the front roller and the top of the corresponding flyer arranged in the back row differs from that between the nip point of the front roller and the top of the corresponding flyer arranged in the front row. In other words, the leading angle of spinning material from the nip point of the front roller to the flyer top in connection with the back row differs from that of the front row. Consequently, products having two different numbers of twists and thickness in accordance with the position of flyer are inevitable whether it is arranged in the back row or front row.

This drawback can be eliminated in the arrangement of the draft assembly of the present invention. Due the fact that the nip point of front roller can be easily ar ranged at the middle of the distance between the front and back rows of flyers, the leading angle of spinning material from the nip point of the front roller to the flyer top in connection with the back row can be designed to be the same if required.

To attain the above-mentioned purpose, the spinning machine according to the present invention is provided with: a bobbin rail or support member which holds a driving mechanism for driving and lifting each spindle so as to make a package upon a bobbin held by the corresponding spindle, and; a flyer rail or support member which suspends a plurality of flyers in their rotatable condition at corresponding positions facing the respective spindles, and the flyer rail is rigidly supported by means comprising a plurality of pillars vertically secured to the bobbin rail; means for rotationally driving the flyers; a gear end, which houses a twisting and winding drive apparatus and which is situated at the end of the flyer rows, and; a draft mechanism comprising the same number of drafting elements as spindles mounted on the flyer rail. Thus the front and back alleys for the doffing and donning operation can be provided at both sides of the flyer rows. Because of this arrangement, the spinning machine of the present invention can eliminate all of the drawbacks which exist in the conventional and the improved spinning machines. Consequently, the spinning machine of the present invention can have the characteristics of: ease in the doffing and donning operation; freedom from the trouble generated by flies; suitability for high speed running and; finally, suitability for use with large packages.

BRIEF ILLUSTRATION OF THE DRAWING FIG. I is a perspective view, partly omitted, of a roving frame provided with a flyer twisting and winding mechanism according to the present invention,

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a drafting mechanism of the roving frame shown in FIG. I,

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of a pair of units of flyer twisting and winding mechanisms according to the present invention as shown in FIG. 1, in connection with a pair of spindles of front and, back rows,

FIG. 4A is a detailed side sectional view of the winding mechanism shown in FIG. 3,

FIG. 4B is a side view of a bottom end portion of the spindle of the winding mechanism shown in FIG. 4A,

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the twisting mechanism utilizing a belt drive mechanism, according to the present invention,

FIG. 6 is a schematic gear diagram for driving the twisting and winding mechanism according to the present invention.

DETAILED ILLUSTRATION OF THE INVENTION A typical embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1. The roving frame shown in FIG. I, has a multiplicity of drafting elements and flyer twisting and winding units disposed at the corresponding positions below the respective drafting elements. The mechanism and function of the spinning machine according to the present invention are hereinafter illustrated in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 4. In FIG. 1, a bobbin rail 1 having a full longitudinal length of the moving frame is set upon the floor of a spinning mill. The bobbin rail 1 is a hollow box type, a flyer rail 2 having the same length as the bobbin rail 1 is rigidly supported by a plurality of pillars 3 which are vertically mounted upon the bobbin rail 1 with a certain intervened distance therebetween. A multiplicity of spindles 4 are rotatably mounted on the bobbin rail 1 in a pair of parallel rows extending lengthwise along the roving frame so that these spindles occupy a part of the space formed by the bobbin rail 1, the flyer rail 2 and the pillars 3. A multiplicity of flyers 5 are rotatably suspended by the flyer rail 2 at the corresponding positions facing the respective spindles, consequently, the flyer twisting and winding mechanism of the present invention occupies the above-mentioned space.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 3, each flyer 5 is rotatably suspended by a pair of supporting bearings 6 disposed in the flyer rail 2, that is, the top portion 7 of the flyer 5 is rotatably supported by the supporting bearings 6 in such a manner that the thread leading aperture 8 of the flyer 5 is projected over the upper surface of the flyer rail 2. A driving shaft 9 is disposed at the middle of the intervened space between the bearing 6 on the front and the bearing 6 on the back. A gear 11 is coaxially secured to the top 7 of each flyer 5, and a multiplicity of screw gears 10 are coaxially secured to the driving shaft 9 so that each screw gear 10 meshes with a pair of the gears 11 of flyers 5 in the back and front rows. By driving the driving shaft 9 with a suitable driving mechanism, the flyers 5 arranged in the front and back rows can be rotated at a predetermined constant speed. In this embodiment, a draft mechanism is mounted upon the flyer rail 2 in such a way that a line passing through each nip point 13 between the pair of front rollers 13 of each drafting element 12 passes through a particular symmetrical position above the two rows of flyer tops 7, and the distance from the nip point 13 and the aperture 8 of the flyer 7 in the front row is equal to that of the flyer in the back row. In this embodiment, the drafting element 12 is vertically mounted upon the flyer rail 2 so as to satisfy the above-mentioned condition.

Rovings l4 delivered from the corresponding drafting element 12 are led into the aperture 8 of the respective flyers 7 arranged in the front row or back row, alternately in accordance with the order of arrangement of the drafting elements 12 and wound about bobbins 17 mounted on the respective spindles 4; after passing through the flyer leg 15 and the presser 16 of each flyer 7, each roving 14 is wound about the corresponding bobbin. As the nip point 13' of the front rollers 13 is positioned at the above-mentioned symmetrical position, the distances between the nip point 13' of the drafting element 12 and the thread leading aperture 8 of the respective flyers 5 are equal, the roving 14 is led into the respective aperture 8 at an equal leading angle. A plurality of cans 18 is arranged at one side of the roving frame for supplying slivers to each drafting element 12 by way of guide rollers 19.

Next, the winding mechanism is hereinafter illustrated with reference to the drawing of FIG. 4.

The driving mechanism-for driving each bobbin 17 mounted on the respective spindles 4 is disposed on the bobbin rail 1. This driving mechanism comprises means for driving each collar 27 which supports the bobbin 17 and engages its top end element with the bobbin l7, and means for driving a screw shaft 23 for lifting the spindle 4. The spindle 4 is provided with a key groove 25 formed at its outer peripheral surface. This key groove 25 extends along the longitudinal axis of the spindle 4. The collar 27 slidably engages with the peripheral surface of the spindle 4 in such a way that a key 26 secured to the collar 27 slides in the key groove 25. The bottom end of the collar 27 is rotatably mounted in the bobbin rail 1 as shown in FIG. 4A. In the bobbin rail 1, a first drivingshaft 28 and a second driving shaft 20 are rotatably'disposed. A plurality of screw gears 29 are secured on the first driving shaft 28. A first gear 30 is secured to each collar 27 and is meshed with the corresponding screw gear 29 so that the collar 27 is driven by the first driving shaft 28 by way of the screw gear 29 and the first gear 30. The spindle 4, which engages with the collar 27 by way of the key 26, rotates together with the collar 27 at the same rotation speed as the collar 27. A plurality of further screw gears 21 are secured on the second driving shaft 20. The screw shaft 23 is disposed in a hollow cylindrical space formed in each spindle 4, a second gear 22 is secured to the bottom end portion of the screw shaft 23 by way of a key 31 as shown in FIG. 4B. The second gear 22 is meshed with the corresponding screw gear 21 so that the screw shaft 23 is driven by the second driving shaft 20. A cylindrical support member 24 is disposed in the collar 27 at its bottom portion so as to be always rigidly secured to the bottom end of the spin- I dle 4. A cylindrical screw is formed in the inside cylindrical surface of the support member 24 so as to mesh with the screw shaft 23. The second driving shaft 20 is driven by means of a suitable mechanism. An example of a suitable mechanism for driving the first driving shaft 28 and the second driving shaft 20 is illustrated in FIG. 6. The second driving shaft 20 can be driven at a higher rotation speed or a lower rotation speed for predetermined times alternately, in other words, the screw shaft 23 can be rotated at a higher rotation speed or a lower rotation speed alternately. Consequently, the support member 24 engaging with the screw shaft 23 and the spindle 4 can be displaced upward or downward alternately in accordance with the difference between the rotational speeds of the collar 27 and the screw shaft 23. The spindle 4 is rotated at the same speed as the collar 27 while lifting together with the supporting member 24. The bobbin 17 is provided with a cylindrical hollow portion which engages with the collar 27. An inwardly projected shoulder is formed at the top end of the cylindrical hollow portion of the bobbin 17, and the shoulder is firmly engaged with a polygonal member 4' mounted on the top end of the spindle 4 so that the bobbin 17 is firmly supported by the spindle 4. As the spindle 4 can be shifted upward from the collar 27 along the common axis thereof by the sliding engagement of the key 26 with the key groove 25, the length of the collar 27 is so defined that, when the spindle 4 is lifted to its uppermost position, the bottom end portion of the bobbin 17 is still supported by the top end portion of the collar 27. The uppermost position of the spindle 4 is represented by the one dot broken line in FIG. 4.

As mentioned above, the spindle 4 is rotated and lifted by driving the first and second driving shafts 28 and 20, so that the bobbin mounted on the spindle 4 is driven to make a package thereupon, while the roving supplied from the drafting mechanism is twisted by the rotation of the flyer 5.

As mentioned above, the lifting motion of the spindle 4 is controlled by the lifting motion of the support member 24, the lifting length of the support member 24, that is, the time for changing from the upward motion to the downward motions and vice versa is controlled by the motion of the second driving shaft 20. In other words, the time for changing the driving speed of the screw shaft 23 engaged with the support member 24, is adjusted in accordance with the desired shape of the full packaged bobbin. Further, the lifting speed of the spindle 4 is controlled by changing the driving speed of a spindle 4 so as to wind the twisted roving upon the package at a predetermined pitch and with an increasing rotational speed in accordance with the in creasing size of the package. The change of the driving speed of the spindle 4 is attained by changing the driving speed of the first driving shaft 28.

As the mechanism of the flyer twisting and winding device according to the present invention is simple and very stout, it is possible to drive the spindle 4 at high speed even though the size of the bobbin 17 is fairly large.

Another driving mechanism of the flyers 5 according to the present invention is illustrated with reference to another embodiment shown in FIG. 5. In this embodiment, a plurality of flyers 5 are driven by a group driving mechanism. This group driving mechanism comprises a main drive element mounted on a particular flyer and a belt drive mechanism for driving the remaining flyers 5. The main drive element of the particular flyer has a similar mechanism to that shown in FIG. 4A, except for a pulley 11a secured to the top 7 of the flyer 5. Each remaining flyer 5 is rotatably suspended by a bearing 11!; mounted on the flyer rail 2 and a pulley lle is coaxially secured to the top 7 of each remaining flyer 5. A plurality of tension pulley 11d are mounted on the flyer rail 2 and an endless belt 11c encircles the pulley 11a, tension pulleys 11d and the pulleys lle so that the remaining flyers 7 are driven by the rotation of the pulley 11a by way of the'endless belt 11c at a predetermined constant speed.

The mechanism for driving the twisting and winding device of the first embodiment of the present invention is hereinafter illustrated. Referring to FIG. 6, the drafting unit 12, the twisting and winding mechanism are driven by a motor 40. Each flyer is driven at a predetermined constant speed by way of power transmission means 41, a driving shaft 9, gears 10 and 11, and each drafting unit 12 is driven by the motor 40 through the power transmission means 41, driving shaft 9, a twist gearing 44, a power transmission means 42 and a draft gearing 45. As a twisting and winding drive mechanism, a differential gear box 54 is formed so as to drive the spindle 4 at a differential speed. A constant speed drive is fed into the differential gear box 54 from the driving shaft 9 by way of a transmission means comprising elements 46, 47 and a variable speed drive is fed into the difi'erential gear box 54 by way of a power transmission means comprising elements 48, 49, 51, 52, 53, and a variable speed drive means 50. The spindle 4 is driven by way of the first drive shaft 28 and a screw drive means comprising elements 29, 30 so as to reduce the driving speed of the sipndle 4 in accordance with increasing the size of the package about the bobbin mounted on the spindle 4. The second drive shaft is driven at a higher speed or a lower speed alternately for predetermined periods respectively by means of a conventional mechanism comprising an OTRICK mechanism 55, means for reversing rotational directions of spindle 56 alternately, and the differential gear box 57. The above-mentioned period for driving the spindle 4 is gradually reduced so that up and down motion of the spindle 4 is carried out with gradually reduced storkes.

In this gearing arrangement as mentioned above, and as shown in FIG. 6, the apparatus for driving the twisting and winding drive apparatus, such as a variable speed drive means 50, and also an OTrick mechanism 55, means for reversing the rotational direction of spindle 56, alternately, is concentrated into the gearing which is situated at the end of the flyer row, and the entire driving apparatus is housed within one gear end box.

With the arrangement mentioned above, a front alley and a back alley for use by the spinner in the doffing and donning operation can be provided on each side of the row of flyers. Furthermore, the arrangement of the flyer 5, spindle 4 and bobbin 14, as well as the flyer rail 2, bobbin rail 1 and pillar 3, along the front alley and the back alley are completely similar. Thus over spinner standing in the front alley can easily doff the full bobbin and don the empty bobbin on the front row spindle 4 only, and there is no need for him to perform such operation on the back row spindle, which is taken care of by a spinner standing in the back alley. This means that the doffing and donning operation of the spinning machine can be performed a by spinner much easier than with the conventional machine, on which the bobbins must be doffed or donned on both front and back spindles by a spinner standing only in the front alley.

One of the preferred arrangements of the creel and infeed sliver cans is that the front alley is provided between the spinning machine and the several rows of sliver cans. With this arrangement a spinner can infeed the sliver end to the back of the drafting assembly while he is standing in said front alley. In addition to this, in the arrangement of the present invention, there are no parts onto which fly will accumulate along said flyer row and said alley.

1. What is claimed is:

1. In a spinning machine equipped with a flyer twisting and winding mechanism: a bobbin rail, a plurality of spindles mounted on said bobbin rail for rotational movement about an axis and reciprocal movement along said axis, means for driving each spindle rotationally and reciprocally, a flyer rail, means rigidly connecting said flyer rail to said bobbin rail comprising a plurality of supporting pillars vertically mounted upon said bobbin rail and said flyer rail, a plurality of bearings mounted on said bobbin rail at positions facing corresponding spindles, a plurality of flyers rotatably suspended by corresponding bearings, means for rotationally driving said flyers, differential driving means mounted on the spinning machine for driving said means for driving said spindles, wherein said spindles and flyers are arranged in back and front rows longitudinally along said machine, and a draft mechanism provided with a plurality of drafting elements mounted at a position symmetrical with said back and front rows, whereby each passage of spinning material delivered from said draft element to a corresponding flyer has an equal leading angle.

2. In a spinning machine equipped with a flyer twisting and winding mechanism: a bobbin rail, a plurality of spindles mounted on said bobbin rail for rotational movement about an axis and reciprocal movement along said axis, means for driving each spindle rotationally and reciprocally, a flyer rail, means rigidly connecting said flyer rail to said bobbin rail comprising a plurality of supporting pillars vertically mounted upon said bobbin rail and said flyer rail, a plurality of bearings mounted on said bobbin rail at positions facing corresponding spindles, a plurality of flyers rotatably suspended by corresponding bearings, means for rotationally driving said flyers, differential driving means mounted on the spinning machine for driving said means for driving said spindles, wherein said means for driving said flyers comprises at least one group driving mechanism for driving a plurality of flyers as a group, and a common drive shaft disposed in said flyer rail, a gear and a pulley coaxially secured to one of said flyers, a pulley secured to each of the remaining flyers, a plurality of tension pulleys mounted on said flyer rail, a common drive belt connected to said pulleys and tension pulleys, a driving gear secured to said common drive shaft and meshing with said gear of said one flyer, whereby all flyers in said group are driven by driving said driving belt at a given speed.

3. A spinning machine equipped with a draft mechanism and a fiyer twisting and winding mechanism provided with a plurality of spindles, said flyer twisting and winding mechanism comprising a bobbin rail, a plurality of spindles receptive of a bobbin thereon and mounted on said bobbin rail for rotational and reciprocal movement, a driving mechanism for rotating and reciprocating said spindles, a flyer rail, a plurality of flyers mounted on said flyer rail for rotational movement and disposed at respective positions corresponding to said spindles, a driving mechanism rotationally driving said flyers, and a twisting and winding drive mechanism, all of which are housed within the area defined as the gearing end of the frame, means connecting said fiyer rail to said bobbin rail comprising a plurality of supporting pillars mounted upon said bobbin and winding mechanism according to claim 3, wherein said spindles and flyers are arranged in back and front rows longitudinally along said machine, and said draft mechanism has a plurality of drafting elements receptive of spinning material and arranged in one line longitudinally along said machine wherein each drafting element is mounted at a position symmetrical with said front and back rows, whereby each passage of spinning material delivered from said draft element to a corresponding flyer top has an equal leading angle.

5. A spinning machine provided with a flyer twisting and winding mechanism according to claim 3, wherein said mechanism driving said flyers comprises a plurality of group driving mechanisms for driving a plurality of flyers as a group comprising a common drive shaft disposed in said flyer rail, a gear train connected to one of said flyers and driven by said common drive shaft, a belt connected to each remaining flyer and said one flyer, whereby all flyers in said group are driven by driving said belt at a given speed.

6. In a spinning machine: a first stationary support member; a plurality of bobbin-supporting spindles disposed in two generally parallel rows; means mounting each spindle on the first support member for reciprocal movement along a first axis with respect to said first support member and for rotational movement about said first axis; means for driving said spindles rotationally about and reciprocally along said first axis; a second stationary support memberspaced from said first support member; means connecting said first and second support members; a plurality of flyers disposed in two generally parallel rows; means mounting each flyer on said second support member for rotational movement about a second axis; and means for driving said flyers rotationally about said second axis.

7. In a spinning machine according to claim 6,

wherein said means connecting said first and second support members comprises a plurality of pillars disposed outwardly of the two generally parallel rows of spindles thereby defining an access to both of said rows of spindles.

8. In a spinning machine according to claim 6, wherein said flyers have means receptive of spinning materials, and further comprising draft means for feeding spinning material to each of said flyers, said draft means disposed symettrically with respect to the two generally parallel rows of flyers whereby the leading angle for the spinning material with respect to the associated flyers is equal.

9. In a spinning machine according to claim 6, wherein said means for driving said flyers comprises means for driving a plurality of flyers as a group comprising a common and rotationally driven drive shaft, a gear train driven by said common drive shaft and connected to one flyer of the group of flyers for driving same rotationally and a common drive belt connected to each flyer in said group of flyers, whereby said one flyer rotationally drives the remaining flyers in said group of flyers. 

1. In a spinning machine equipped with a flyer twisting and winding mechanism: a bobbin rail, a plurality of spindles mounted on said bobbin rail for rotational movement about an axis and reciprocal movement along said axis, means for driving each spindle rotationally and reciprocally, a flyer rail, means rigidly connecting said flyer rail to said bobbin rail comprising a plurality of supporting pillars vertically mounted upon said bobbin rail and said flyer rail, a plurality of bearings mounted on said bobbin rail at positions facing corresponding spindles, a plurality of flyers rotatably suspended by corresponding bearings, means for rotationally driving said flyers, differential driving means mounted on the spinning machine for driving said means for driving said spindles, wherein said spindles and flyers are arranged in back and front rows longitudinally along said machine, and a draft mechanism provided with a plurality of drafting elements mounted at a position symmetrical with said back and front rows, whereby each passage of spinning material delivered from said draft element to a corresponding flyer has an equal leading angle.
 2. In a spinning machine equipped with a flyer twisting and winding mechanism: a bobbin rail, a plurality of spindles mounted on said bobbin rail for rotational movement about an axis and reciprocal movement along said axis, means for driving each spindle rotationally and reciprocally, a flyer rail, means rigidly connecting said flyer rail to said bobbin rail comprising a plurality of supporting pillars vertically mounted upon said bobbin rail and said flyer rail, a plurality of bearings mounted on said bobbin rail at positions facing corresponding spindles, a plurality of flyers rotatably suspended by corresponding bearings, means for rotationally driving said flyers, differential driving means mounted on the spinning machine for driving said means for driving said spindles, wherein said means for driving said flyers comprises at least one gRoup driving mechanism for driving a plurality of flyers as a group, and a common drive shaft disposed in said flyer rail, a gear and a pulley coaxially secured to one of said flyers, a pulley secured to each of the remaining flyers, a plurality of tension pulleys mounted on said flyer rail, a common drive belt connected to said pulleys and tension pulleys, a driving gear secured to said common drive shaft and meshing with said gear of said one flyer, whereby all flyers in said group are driven by driving said driving belt at a given speed.
 3. A spinning machine equipped with a draft mechanism and a flyer twisting and winding mechanism provided with a plurality of spindles, said flyer twisting and winding mechanism comprising a bobbin rail, a plurality of spindles receptive of a bobbin thereon and mounted on said bobbin rail for rotational and reciprocal movement, a driving mechanism for rotating and reciprocating said spindles, a flyer rail, a plurality of flyers mounted on said flyer rail for rotational movement and disposed at respective positions corresponding to said spindles, a driving mechanism rotationally driving said flyers, and a twisting and winding drive mechanism, all of which are housed within the area defined as the gearing end of the frame, means connecting said flyer rail to said bobbin rail comprising a plurality of supporting pillars mounted upon said bobbin rail and said flyer rail and arranged in front and rear rows outwardly of said spindles, whereby said spindles and said pillars are similarly arranged on both front and back sides of the frame thereby defining a front alley and a back alley for access during doffing and donning operations.
 4. A spinning machine provided with a flyer twisting and winding mechanism according to claim 3, wherein said spindles and flyers are arranged in back and front rows longitudinally along said machine, and said draft mechanism has a plurality of drafting elements receptive of spinning material and arranged in one line longitudinally along said machine wherein each drafting element is mounted at a position symmetrical with said front and back rows, whereby each passage of spinning material delivered from said draft element to a corresponding flyer top has an equal leading angle.
 5. A spinning machine provided with a flyer twisting and winding mechanism according to claim 3, wherein said mechanism driving said flyers comprises a plurality of group driving mechanisms for driving a plurality of flyers as a group comprising a common drive shaft disposed in said flyer rail, a gear train connected to one of said flyers and driven by said common drive shaft, a belt connected to each remaining flyer and said one flyer, whereby all flyers in said group are driven by driving said belt at a given speed.
 6. In a spinning machine: a first stationary support member; a plurality of bobbin-supporting spindles disposed in two generally parallel rows; means mounting each spindle on the first support member for reciprocal movement along a first axis with respect to said first support member and for rotational movement about said first axis; means for driving said spindles rotationally about and reciprocally along said first axis; a second stationary support member spaced from said first support member; means connecting said first and second support members; a plurality of flyers disposed in two generally parallel rows; means mounting each flyer on said second support member for rotational movement about a second axis; and means for driving said flyers rotationally about said second axis.
 7. In a spinning machine according to claim 6, wherein said means connecting said first and second support members comprises a plurality of pillars disposed outwardly of the two generally parallel rows of spindles thereby defining an access to both of said rows of spindles.
 8. In a spinning machine according to claim 6, wherein said flyers have means receptive of spinning materials, and further comprising draft means for feeding spinniNg material to each of said flyers, said draft means disposed symettrically with respect to the two generally parallel rows of flyers whereby the leading angle for the spinning material with respect to the associated flyers is equal.
 9. In a spinning machine according to claim 6, wherein said means for driving said flyers comprises means for driving a plurality of flyers as a group comprising a common and rotationally driven drive shaft, a gear train driven by said common drive shaft and connected to one flyer of the group of flyers for driving same rotationally and a common drive belt connected to each flyer in said group of flyers, whereby said one flyer rotationally drives the remaining flyers in said group of flyers. 